Sodomy and Homosexuality Part II of IV

[Antar Ibn Stanford]

By Dr. Antar Ibn-Stanford

Part II of IV

Fiqh Positions on Homosexuality

Ahkam al-Qur’an by Muhammad ibn Abdullah aka Ibn al-Arabi

In reference to Q. 7:80, “And (remember) Lot, when he said to his people: "’Do you do the nasty act that no one in the world before you has done,’” Ibn al-Arabi wrote that the nasty act (الفاحشة) is an unlawful sexual act (الزنا). It is an act of disobedience. The verse indicates that the stoning of the people with stones of died clay was punishment of the nasty act. Scholars differ on what punishment is required for such an act.

Al-Majmu’ Sharh al-Muhadhdhab by an-Nawawi

An-Nawawi writes that sodomy is forbidden because of Q. 7:80-- And (remember) Lot, when he said to his people: "Do you do the nasty act that no one in the world before you has done?” Also, the fact that Allah punished the people of Lot with what He had never punished people before indicates that it is forbidden. The Shafi’I school requires that its punishment is the same as the one for a fornicator. If the fornicator is a non-virgin, he is whipped and banished. If he is a virgin, he is to be stoned because the Prophet (pbuh) said: “When a man has sex with a man, they are fornicating. When a woman has sex with a woman, they are fornicating.” Also, Ibn Abbas (mabp) narrated that the Prophet (pbuh) said: “Whoever is found doing what the people of Lot did, kill the doer and one it is done to.”  

Abu Hanifah states that the punishment has not been mentioned in the Qur’an or hadith (التعزير).

Ash-Shafi’I and a group of scholars state that the punishment is the same as the punishment for an unlawful sexual act (الزنا).

Malik and a group of scholars state that the punishment is flogging.

Abu Dawud, at-Tirmidhi, an-Nisa’I and others recorded that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: “Whomever you find doing the thing the people of Lot did, then kill the one doing it and the one it is done to.” Ibn al-Arabi state that the hadith is not accepted as valid by consensus.

Al-Mughni wa Sharh al-Kabir by Ibn Qudama

Ibn Qudama states that the scholars agree that sodomy is forbidden.

 

Biblical Positions on Homosexuality

New American Bible (Revised Edition)

Genesis 19:

Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah.^{[a] 1} The two angels reached Sodom in the evening, as Lot was sitting at the gate of Sodom. When Lot saw them, he got up to greet them; and bowing down with his face to the ground, ² he said, “Please, my lords,^[b] come aside into your servant’s house for the night, and bathe your feet; you can get up early to continue your journey.” But they replied, “No, we will pass the night in the town square.” ³ He urged them so strongly, however, that they turned aside to his place and entered his house. He prepared a banquet for them, baking unleavened bread, and they dined.

⁴ Before they went to bed, the townsmen of Sodom, both young and old—all the people to the last man—surrounded the house. ⁵ They called to Lot and said to him, “Where are the men who came to your house tonight? Bring them out to us that we may have sexual relations with them.” ⁶ Lot went out to meet them at the entrance. When he had shut the door behind him, ⁷ he said, “I beg you, my brothers, do not do this wicked thing! ⁸ I have two daughters who have never had sexual relations with men. Let me bring them out to you,^[c] and you may do to them as you please. But do not do anything to these men, for they have come under the shelter of my roof.” ⁹ They replied, “Stand back! This man,” they said, “came here as a resident alien, and now he dares to give orders! We will treat you worse than them!” With that, they pressed hard against Lot, moving in closer to break down the door. ¹⁰ But his guests put out their hands, pulled Lot inside with them, and closed the door; ¹¹ they struck the men at the entrance of the house, small and great, with such a blinding light^[d] that they were utterly unable to find the doorway.

¹² Then the guests said to Lot: “Who else belongs to you here? Sons-in-law, your sons, your daughters, all who belong to you in the city—take them away from this place! ¹³ We are about to destroy this place, for the outcry reaching the Lord against those here is so great that the Lord has sent us to destroy it.” ¹⁴ So Lot went out and spoke to his sons-in-law, who had contracted marriage with his daughters.^[e] “Come on, leave this place,” he told them; “the Lord is about to destroy the city.” But his sons-in-law thought he was joking.

¹⁵ As dawn was breaking, the angels urged Lot on, saying, “Come on! Take your wife with you and your two daughters who are here, or you will be swept away in the punishment of the city.” ¹⁶ When he hesitated, the men, because of the Lord’s compassion for him, seized his hand and the hands of his wife and his two daughters and led them to safety outside the city. ¹⁷ As soon as they had brought them outside, they said: “Flee for your life! Do not look back or stop anywhere on the Plain. Flee to the hills at once, or you will be swept away.” ¹⁸ “Oh, no, my lords!” Lot replied to them. ¹⁹ “You have already shown favor to your servant, doing me the great kindness of saving my life. But I cannot flee to the hills, or the disaster will overtake and kill me. ²⁰ Look, this town ahead is near enough to escape to. It is only a small place.^[f] Let me flee there—is it not a small place?—to save my life.” ²¹ “Well, then,” he replied, “I grant you this favor too. I will not overthrow the town you have mentioned. ²² Hurry, escape there! I cannot do anything until you arrive there.” That is why the town is called Zoar.

²³ The sun had risen over the earth when Lot arrived in Zoar, ²⁴ and the Lord rained down sulfur upon Sodom and Gomorrah, fire from the Lord out of heaven. ²⁵ He overthrew^[g] those cities and the whole Plain, together with the inhabitants of the cities and the produce of the soil. ²⁶ But Lot’s wife looked back, and she was turned into a pillar of salt.

²⁷ The next morning Abraham hurried to the place where he had stood before the Lord. ²⁸ As he looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and the whole region of the Plain,^[h] he saw smoke over the land rising like the smoke from a kiln.

²⁹ When God destroyed the cities of the Plain, he remembered Abraham and sent Lot away from the upheaval that occurred when God overthrew the cities where Lot had been living.

New American Bible (Revised Edition)

Jude 1: ⁷ Likewise, Sodom, Gomorrah, and the surrounding towns, which, in the same manner as they, indulged in sexual promiscuity and practiced unnatural vice,^[e] serve as an example by undergoing a punishment of eternal fire.

 

Some Christian positions on homosexuality

The Seventh-day Adventist Church is opposed to same-sex sexual practices and relationships on the grounds that "sexual intimacy belongs only within the marital relationship of a man and a woman." It believes the Bible consistently affirms the pattern of heterosexual monogamy, and all sexual relations outside the scope of spousal intimacy are contrary to God's original plan.^[1]

Annual Council of the General Conference Executive Committee (October 3, 1999). "Position Statement on Homosexuality". Seventh-day Adventist Church Statements.

The Southern Baptist Convention, the largest of the Baptist denominations and the single largest Protestant group in the U.S., believes that the Bible says practicing homosexuality is a sin, stating clearly that its members "affirm God's

plan for marriage and sexual intimacy – one man, and one woman, for life. Homosexuality is not a 'valid alternative lifestyle.' It is not, however, an unforgivable sin. The same redemption available to all sinners is available to homosexuals. They, too, may become new creations in Christ."^[7] ("Southern Baptist Convention". sbc.net.)